According to Google, they have updated how they measure the metrics they report in Google Search Console’s Search Analytics report specifically for search results in lower positions. Google updated the data anomalies page to say that this change started on July 14, 2017, and goes forward from there.
It reads:
An incremental improvement in Google’s logging system now provides better accounting for results in lower positions. This change might cause increase in impressions, but also a decrease in average positions. This change only effects [sic] Search Console reporting, not your actual performance on Google Search.
The day before this information was released, it was reported that a number of webmasters had noticed changes position metric, which began on July 13.
As it turns out, this isn’t a bug after all, but a feature change in how Google measures the data in the lower positions.
Google was clear to say that there was no actual ranking changes occurred specifically around this report, but rather it is how Google accounts for those positions in the Search Analytics reports.